evergreen

What the Fork is the React Virtual DOM

Illustrated notes on how the React virtual DOM works

A drawing of the react logo and two browser windows stacked on top of each other

When I was first learning React I couldn’t quite wrap my head around why it was any different to JavaScript.

The idea of the virtual DOM system helped clarify a few things for me. Primarily it got me to understand the DOM, the virtual DOM, and your React app are all separate systems talking to one another. Not one big mesh. While learning it I drew out an explanation you can see below.


Disclaimer

The React team no longer uses the “Virtual DOM” as a mental model for how React works under the hood.

Instead Dan wrote up a nice long explanation on React as a UI Runtime which clarifies the details how React updates the UI.

They still have a section of the docs about the Virtual DOM , but it’s not an essential piece of the React ecosystem to learn about.

The below explanation will still help you understand the basic concept that React figures out what needs to change on the DOM before changing it, but go to other sources if you want a more in-depth explanation.

One of the reasons React is so darn fast at updating changes  is that it uses a virtual DOM
All the code we write in React only interacts with this virtual DOM
This is helpful because passing the actual DOM lots of changes is slow
React's DOM runs a diffing algorithm

Want more illustrated notes on web development?

Take a look at Building Custom React Hooks , JSX is a Lovechild or find out What the Fork is Babel?